Emma hough



EMMA HDUGH.

Machines for Heading Hair.

Patented Dec. 2,187.3.

l Y .f/ /111 UNITED STATES PATENT EEIOE.

EMMA BOUGE, OE BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR HEADING HAIR.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 145,060, dated December 2, 1873; application filed November 7, 1873.

To all whom4 it may concern:

Beit known that I, EMMA HOUGH, of Brooklyn, Kings county, State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Machines for Heading Human Hair, and hair of animals generally, (though intended for heading human hair specially,) of which the following is a specification:

As explanatory of the objects of myinvention it, perhaps, may not be deemed improper to state that human hair, being obtained from a great number of individuals and by diii'erent persons or small dealers in all parts of Europe, before reaching the hands of the importers is generally thrown together in promiscuous heaps-except, perhaps, as to very select colors, and of great length-before being baled up for exportation. Before the hair can be used by the manufacturer, therefore, it has t0 be sorted; first, as to colorvand length 5 and, second, as to the head7 or roots of the hair; so as to have the hair, when manufactured, have the same relation to the head of the wearer as it had to the natural head before it was cut therefrom, so that the artificial curls will have v and motion may be given to the plate to head the hair; second, in combination with the vibrating weighted plate, a solid bed-plate, having an india-rubber or other elastic upper-surface facing, whereby the hair is held constantly against the lower edge of the vibrating plate, to enable it to feel the heads or thick ends of the hair at each vibration, to push it in opposite directions to be carried out of the machine third, in combination with the elastic bed or surface rubber, two opposite-revolving comb or card belts for the purpose of carrying off the hair and straightening it as it is discharged or pushed out from under the edge of the vibrating heading-plate; and, fourth, in the combination ofthe two opposite-revolvin g comb or card belts with alon gitudinally-revolvin g wormshaft and two pairs of cog-wheels on the ends of the belt rollers, whereby a uniform and steady motion is given to the belts to carry the hair OE evenly and smoothly as fast as it is pushed from under the heading-plate. v

But, to describe my invention more particularly, I will refer to the accompanying' drawings, formi'ng a part of this speciiication, the same letters of refe-rence, wherever they occur, referring to like parts.

Figure l is a side View of the machine, showing the parts for giving motion to the same. Fig. 2 is a plan view. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal cut section of the same through the linel a: a', Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a transverse cut section through the line .r2 x2, Fig. l.

Let-ter A is the frame of the machine, which may be made of wood or metal, as desired; and the bed part is intended to be about six feet long by about eighteen inches wide. At the middle of the frame are elevated, at each side of it, standards B, in the upper ends of which a rock-shaft, C, is supported. rlhis rockshaft has a vertical slot, D, in it, throughout its length, between the standards B. In this slot is inserted loosely a weighted or spring-pressure heading-rubber plate, Efof about threeeighths of an inch thickness, more or less, as required for different kinds of hair, by the width of the bed on which it acts, and any suitable len gth to attach to the rock-shaft. rlhe object of this heading-rubber plate is to push out at each vibration, toward the end ofthe machine, the hair underneath it, having its bearded and tapering surface in opposition to the motion of the vibrating heading-plate. This is effected by means of a bed, F, secured between the sides of the frame directly under the headingplate, having upon its upper surface an elastic rubber, G, upon which the lock of hair is spread out lengthwise of the machine underneath the lower edge of the heading-plate, so that as the heading-plate is vibrated its gravitating weight and self-adjustability in the open slot i'n the rock-shaft, in combination with the elastic rubber G, will readily separate each hair from the other, and feel or detect the direction of its bearded surface, and thus push it out from the lock in opposite directions, with the heads all arranged in one direction as it originally came from the human head.

For the purpose of vibrating the headingplate, an arm, H, is adjusted, by suitable adjustingnuts and screw-threads, to one end of the rock-shaft, and thence, by means of a connecting-rod, I, having its lower end attached to a cam or eccentric wheel, J, on a prime-motor aXle,V, the motion is given to the headingplate to enable it to head the lock of hair, and push it out toward the opposite ends of the machine. To carry the hair oi', as it is pushed out from under the heading-plate, and at the same time to straighten it out, endless belts K and L are arranged upon. suitable rollers M M and N N between the sides of the frame at its opposite ends, upon which are secured at proper intervals, according to length of hair operated upon, combs or wire-cards l?. The arrangement of these belts is on the same horizontal plane as the elastic rubber bed, and with just sufficient space between the bed and belt to admit ot' the combs or cards passing through the space. By this means the combs or cards take hold of the hair as fast as it projects beyond the edge of the rubber bed, and, by their receding motion, draw out and straighten the hair, to 'enable the operative to gather it up at the ends of the machine all straightened, and uniformly headed in one way. To revolve the endless belts, cog-wheels R R and S S are secured upon the ends of the v rollers M M and N N, which gear into right and left screw or worm wheels, T and U, secured upon the horizontal prime-motor axle V, and thus, by the rotation of said axle, the comb-carrying belts are made to revolve in opposite directions from the center of the machine, and at the same time motion is given to the vibrating heading-p1ate.

Having now described my invention, I will set forth what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States:

1. In a hair-heading machine, the combination of a self -adjustable vibrating heading plate, E, with the slotted rock shaft C, connecting-rod I, cam J, shaft V, substantially as described.

2. In a hair-heading machine, the combina tion of a self -adjustable vibrating headingplate, E, with the bed F and elastic rubber G, substantially as described.

3. In a hair-heading machine, the combination of the two opposite -revolving comb or card belts K and L with the bed H, with its elastic rubber surface G and selfadjustable vibrating heading-plate E, substantially as described.

4. In a hair-heading machine, the two opposite-revolving comb or card belts K and L, in combination with the cog-wheels R and S, worms T and U, and horizontal shaft V, substantially as described.

EMMA HOUGH.

IVitnesses:

Guns. V. PECKHAM, CI-IARLEs L. BARRITT. 

